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| start1 = May 15, 1990 | end1 = May 10, 1994 | convocation2 = 2nd convocation | deputyfrom2 = Chernihiv Oblast, District No.448 | color2 = | party2 = Independent | start2 = May 10, 1994 | end2 = July 15, 1994 }} Leonid Danylovych Kuchma ((ウクライナ語:Леонід Данилович Кучма), born 9 August 1938) was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk. Kuchma won re-election for an additional five-year term in 1999. His presidency was surrounded by numerous corruption scandals and the lessening of media freedoms. Corruption accelerated after Kuchma's election in 1994, but in 2000–2001, his power began to weaken in the face of exposures in the media.〔Adrian Karatnycky, "Ukraine's Orange Revolution," ''Foreign Affairs,'' Vol. 84, No. 2 (Mar. – Apr., 2005), pp. 35–52 (in JSTOR )〕 On his watch the Ukrainian economy continued to decline until 1999, whereas growth was recorded since 2000, bringing relative prosperity to some segments of urban residents. During his presidency, Ukrainian-Russian ties began to improve.〔Robert S. Kravchuk, "Kuchma as Economic Reformer," ''Problems of Post-Communism'' Vol. 52#5 September–October 2005, pp 48–58〕 After a successful career in the machine-building industry of the Soviet Union, Kuchma began his political career in 1990, when he was elected to the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament); he was re-elected in 1994.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=BBC )〕 He served as Ukrainian Prime Minister between October 1992 and September 1993.〔 Since July 2014, Kuchma has been the representative of Ukraine on the semi-official peace talks regarding the ongoing War in Donbass. ==Early life== Leonid Kuchma was born in the village of Chaikine in rural Chernihiv Oblast. His father Danylo Prokopovych Kuchma (1901–1942) was wounded in World War II and eventually died of his wounds in the field hospital #756 (near the village of Novoselytsia) when Leonid was four. His mother Paraska Trokhymivna Kuchma worked at a kolhoz. Kuchma attended the Kostobobrove general education school in the neighboring Semenivka Raion. Later he enrolled in Dnipropetrovsk National University and graduated in 1960 with a degree in mechanical engineering (majoring in aerospace engineering). The same year he joined the Communist Party of Soviet Union. Kuchma is a candidate of technical sciences. In 1967 Kuchma married Lyudmyla.〔(First ladies of Ukraine ), ITAR-TASS (6 June 2014)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leonid Kuchma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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